Hello again!
I managed some progress!
I had to recreate the entire widget and this time I gave a bit more size to it.
Just using QtCreator, scaling the main frame of the widget. Now, all button label is dispalyed correctly.
Also, the size policy of the ui elements has been changed to Expanding.
Okay, I know that this is just a treatment of the problem and does not explain why it occurs, but I am happy with this result now. :)