HW acceleration is disabled. That is, the option "3D acceleration" under "Display" - "Extended features" is disabled.
It was enabled at first, and I got a ton more errors.
Edit: Here are the errors I get with HW acceleration enabled:
@OpenGL Warning: XGetVisualInfo returned 0 visuals for 0xa21e2a0
OpenGL Warning: Retry with 0x8002 returned 0 visuals
OpenGL Warning: XGetVisualInfo returned 0 visuals for 0xa21e2a0
OpenGL Warning: Retry with 0x8002 returned 0 visuals
OpenGL Warning: XGetVisualInfo returned 0 visuals for 0xa21e2a0
OpenGL Warning: Retry with 0x8002 returned 0 visuals
OpenGL Warning: glXGetFBConfigAttrib for 0xa21e2a0, failed to get XVisualInfo
OpenGL Warning: XGetVisualInfo returned 0 visuals for 0xa21e2a0
OpenGL Warning: Retry with 0x8002 returned 0 visuals
OpenGL Warning: glXGetFBConfigAttrib for 0xa21e2a0, failed to get XVisualInfo
OpenGL Warning: XGetVisualInfo returned 0 visuals for 0xa21e2a0
OpenGL Warning: Retry with 0x8002 returned 0 visuals
OpenGL Warning: glXGetFBConfigAttrib for 0xa21e2a0, failed to get XVisualInfo
OpenGL Warning: XGetVisualInfo returned 0 visuals for 0xa21e2a0
OpenGL Warning: Retry with 0x8002 returned 0 visuals
OpenGL Warning: glXGetFBConfigAttrib for 0xa21e2a0, failed to get XVisualInfo
OpenGL Warning: XGetVisualInfo returned 0 visuals for 0xa21e2a0
OpenGL Warning: Retry with 0x8002 returned 0 visuals
OpenGL Warning: glXGetFBConfigAttrib for 0xa21e2a0, failed to get XVisualInfo
OpenGL Warning: XGetVisualInfo returned 0 visuals for 0xa21e2a0
OpenGL Warning: Retry with 0x8002 returned 0 visuals
OpenGL Warning: glXGetFBConfigAttrib for 0xa21e2a0, failed to get XVisualInfo
OpenGL Warning: XGetVisualInfo returned 0 visuals for 0xa21e2a0
OpenGL Warning: Retry with 0x8002 returned 0 visuals
OpenGL Warning: glXGetFBConfigAttrib for 0xa21e2a0, failed to get XVisualInfo
OpenGL Warning: XGetVisualInfo returned 0 visuals for 0xa21e2a0
OpenGL Warning: Retry with 0x8002 returned 0 visuals
OpenGL Warning: glXGetFBConfigAttrib for 0xa21e2a0, failed to get XVisualInfo@
Edit 2:
I should stress that the program paints correctly either way - with HW acceleration enabled or disabled. Also, the Linux in the VirtualBox runs pretty slowly (especially new windows are real slow to appear) - maybe there's a configuration problem.
Edit 3:
I tried the same VirtualBox on a better computer, it runs smoothly there, but the error messages are the same.