@maxime.armand
Have you actually tried it? It does exactly what you demand in step 1.
And if you look in http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtserialport-creaderasync-main-cpp.html you will see that the serial port and the baud rate are given as command line parameters.
Just (cross-)compile the program for the Raspberry, and run it. It should work like your HypterTerminal test.