External libraries on Raspberry Pi 3 B+
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Hello. I followed all the steps of this guide and all seems correct.
I tested it with a simple Hello World from the Raspberry.
Now I want to deploy another program that uses external libraries (e.g. ffmpeg, bluez) but I cannot import them in the project with the simple command LIBS += -lbluetooth, and so I cannot include the headers. I think I'm missing some fundamental steps, such as the configuration of the cross compiler, but I don't know how to solve it. Theese libraries are correctly installed because I can use them in the same program that runs on desktop.
Thanks -
Hi
You should also compile those 3rd party libs with same compiler you used to produce a Qt version for the arm.
The version you have installed on Desktop is for other CPU.
So to get them on the board, they also need to be in an ARM version
and copied to the image.
That said, you might be able to find some precompiled you can use if compiler matches then one you are using.
https://github.com/tgogos/rpi_ffmpegAlso, im not expert on cross compiling, so give it a day or two and
someone might offer a better guide than i can. -
Hi and welcome to devnet forum
When you want to deploy another application using external libraries, all should be already compiled and linked and you might have to check for documentation of the application itself.
Otherwise you need to have a cross-compiler (as you already have) and compile and link the applciation as you would do for any other OS. Either you have these external libraries already compiled for raspberry PI, then you need to have the proper include files or you need to compile those libraries form source yourself.
However, it is the setup of your .pro is teh same as for linux or windows, but you are choosing a different tool chain for compiling for embedded linux.
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@koahnig @mrjj Thank you for the answers. I finally downloaded and compiled the library with the cross compiler. Then I added this in the pro file:
INCLUDEPATH += /path/include
LIBS += -L/path/lib -lavdevice
Now I can include correctly the headers, but at run time I have an undefined reference error to the function called. Some ideas? -
@Crindu you need to deploy (copy) the library to your device (e.g. to /usr/lib) so the dynamic linker can pick it up. note that often some symbolic links
libxxxx.so.2.1
belong to the library.Most often you can check
ldd yourexe
to see all dependencies (satisfied or not).regards
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@aha_1980 Sorry, I just noticed that the problem is also at compile time. I copied the library on the device but nothing changed.
I think the cross compiler finds the header, but not the libraries.
Moreover, copying the library on the device, I have two different paths: on the device I save them in the /usr/lib folder, while in the computer I created a folder in my /home directory ( because I downloaded again the source and compiled with the cross compiler). -
@Crindu said in External libraries on Raspberry Pi 3 B+:
@koahnig Sorry I don't know what do you mean for dynamic link compilation.
The cross compiler generates only .a files that are static library and I added these to the .pro file, maybe this is the problem.When you create an application you have to decide how to link external libraries. Either "Static" or "Dynamically linked shared object libraries" (probably called in linux). In windows those libraries are called "dll"->"dynamic link library".
The "dynamic linked shared object library" has typically extensions *.so and often followed by version numbers. Those go along with your application for deployment.When you are using a static library it is only one file per library. This file is directly linked to your application and makes the application typically much bigger.
There are also the libraries with the "stumps" which have to be linked to your application. Typical extension is *.a. Typically they are smaller than the .so files and increase the size of your application insignificantly. The "stumps" tell your app how to access the "dynamic linked shared object library".
If your library is called "somelibrary" you probably will have a file called "somelibrary.a" and a file "somelibrary.so"
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@koahnig Ok thanks, I linked them dinamically but nothing, always undefined reference error. Maybe I did some mistakes in the toolchain, or in the settings of the cross compiler because this is very strange. In the project that runs on pc I didn't have all these problems
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09:30:14: Running steps for project untitled1... 09:30:14: Configuration unchanged, skipping qmake step. 09:30:14: Starting: "/usr/bin/make" /home/cristiano/raspi/tools/arm-bcm2708/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian-x64/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ -mfloat-abi=hard --sysroot=/home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot -Wl,-rpath-link,/home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/opt/vc/lib -Wl,-rpath-link,/home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf -Wl,-rpath-link,/home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf -o untitled1 main.o -lpthread -L/home/cristiano/FFmpeg-compiled/compiled/lib -lavcodec -lavdevice -lavutil -lavformat -lavfilter -lswscale -lswresample main.o: In function `main': /home/cristiano/untitled1/main.cpp:8: undefined reference to `av_register_all()' /home/cristiano/untitled1/main.cpp:9: undefined reference to `avcodec_register_all()' /home/cristiano/untitled1/main.cpp:10: undefined reference to `avdevice_register_all()' Makefile:139: recipe for target 'untitled1' failed collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [untitled1] Error 1 09:30:14: The process "/usr/bin/make" exited with code 2. Error while building/deploying project untitled1 (kit: Raspberry kit) When executing step "Make" 09:30:14: Elapsed time: 00:00.
The libraries are compatible, this is the file command output:
libavcodec.so.58.20.104: ELF 32-bit LSB shared object, ARM, EABI5 version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, BuildID[sha1]=6182340cbdd8c56e7c410638a62e92dd0249e82c, strippedThis is my pro. file:
TEMPLATE = app CONFIG += console c++11 CONFIG -= app_bundle CONFIG -= qt SOURCES += main.cpp INSTALLS = target target.files = untitled1 target.path = /home/pi LIBS += -lpthread INCLUDEPATH += /home/cristiano/FFmpeg-compiled/compiled/include LIBS += -L/home/cristiano/FFmpeg-compiled/compiled/lib -lavcodec -lavdevice -lavutil -lavformat -lavfilter -lswscale -lswresample
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@Crindu said in External libraries on Raspberry Pi 3 B+:
/home/cristiano/FFmpeg-compiled/compiled/lib
Are the libs really in this directory? Are they built using same compiler as you use for your app?
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If you install for example libavcodec-dev
on your rpi
, the header and libraries get installed in /usr/...
You now need the installed header and libraries on your development host. Your cross-compiler is working with a local copy of the rpi sysroot.Like in this guide https://wiki.qt.io/RaspberryPi2EGLFS every time you install some new dev libaries with apt-get on you rpi, you have to copy the new files to your
development host
.Take a look at Step 8.
rsync -avz pi@raspberrypi.local:/lib sysroot rsync -avz pi@raspberrypi.local:/usr/include sysroot/usr rsync -avz pi@raspberrypi.local:/usr/lib sysroot/usr rsync -avz pi@raspberrypi.local:/opt/vc sysroot/opt
As these libaries are in the system path of your local sysroot, you can now just include headers with
#include <...>
and link withLIBS += -l...
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@sneubert Ok thanks, something changed. Now I have a lot of compilation error relative to other libraries:
11:28:58: Running steps for project untitled1... 11:28:58: Configuration unchanged, skipping qmake step. 11:28:58: Starting: "/usr/bin/make" /home/cristiano/raspi/tools/arm-bcm2708/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-raspbian-x64/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ -mfloat-abi=hard --sysroot=/home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot -Wl,-rpath-link,/home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/opt/vc/lib -Wl,-rpath-link,/home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf -Wl,-rpath-link,/home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf -o untitled1 main.o -lavcodec -lavdevice -lavformat -lpthread /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t>, std::allocator<wchar_t> >::_M_create(unsigned int&, unsigned int)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libzmq.so.5: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::rfind(char, unsigned int) const@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopencv_core.so.2.4: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::find(char, unsigned int) const@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libsnappy.so.1: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_append(char const*, unsigned int)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libzmq.so.5: undefined reference to `VTT for std::__cxx11::basic_stringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__throw_out_of_range_fmt(char const*, ...)@GLIBCXX_3.4.20' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_stringbuf<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_sync(char*, unsigned int, unsigned int)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::assign(char const*)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t>, std::allocator<wchar_t> >::_M_assign(std::__cxx11::basic_string<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t>, std::allocator<wchar_t> > const&)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_ostringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_ostringstream(std::_Ios_Openmode)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/librubberband.so.2: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_mutate(unsigned int, unsigned int, char const*, unsigned int)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t>, std::allocator<wchar_t> >::reserve(unsigned int)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_assign(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libjack.so.0: undefined reference to `operator delete(void*, unsigned int)@CXXABI_1.3.9' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libsnappy.so.1: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::resize(unsigned int, char)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::reserve(unsigned int)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::find(char const*, unsigned int, unsigned int) const@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::replace(unsigned int, unsigned int, char const*, unsigned int)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::append(char const*)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libzmq.so.5: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_stringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_stringstream()@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libjack.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::compare(char const*) const@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<wchar_t, std::char_traits<wchar_t>, std::allocator<wchar_t> >::_M_mutate(unsigned int, unsigned int, wchar_t const*, unsigned int)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopencv_core.so.2.4: undefined reference to `operator delete[](void*, unsigned int)@CXXABI_1.3.9' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::find_last_not_of(char const*, unsigned int, unsigned int) const@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `vtable for std::__cxx11::basic_ostringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libjack.so.0: undefined reference to `std::runtime_error::runtime_error(char const*)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `__cxa_throw_bad_array_new_length@CXXABI_1.3.8' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&&)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `VTT for std::__cxx11::basic_istringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_replace_aux(unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned int, char)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::random_device::_M_init(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::runtime_error::runtime_error(char const*)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libzmq.so.5: undefined reference to `vtable for std::__cxx11::basic_stringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_erase(unsigned int, unsigned int)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::range_error::range_error(char const*)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_construct(unsigned int, char)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_istringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_istringstream()@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::find_first_of(char const*, unsigned int, unsigned int) const@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `VTT for std::__cxx11::basic_ostringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::operator=(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&&)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `vtable for std::__cxx11::basic_istringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::range_error::range_error(char const*)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_ostringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_ostringstream()@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::find_last_of(char const*, unsigned int, unsigned int) const@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libjack.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_create(unsigned int&, unsigned int)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::find_first_not_of(char const*, unsigned int, unsigned int) const@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libjack.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_replace(unsigned int, unsigned int, char const*, unsigned int)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopencv_core.so.2.4: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::swap(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&)@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `vtable for std::__cxx11::basic_stringbuf<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' /home/cristiano/raspi/sysroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libopenmpt.so.0: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_stringbuf<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::str() const@GLIBCXX_3.4.21' Makefile:139: recipe for target 'untitled1' failed collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [untitled1] Error 1 11:28:59: The process "/usr/bin/make" exited with code 2. Error while building/deploying project untitled1 (kit: Raspberry kit) When executing step "Make" 11:28:59: Elapsed time: 00:00.