undefined reference - Help first time external header library QT C++ [Linux]

LudoFR

Hello everyone, sorry to bother,

I have used sometimes ago QT with QtQcuickC++ and loved it, its ok for me using it with "raw c++" but this time I need to use external header from a vendor API and I have pain to understand the process.

Here what I've do and what i get :

Added the include to my project folder.

After, added the header file to my project and to my *.pro :

QT += quick

SOURCES += \
        main.cpp

resources.files = main.qml 
resources.prefix = /$${TARGET}
RESOURCES += resources

# Additional import path used to resolve QML modules in Qt Creator's code model
QML_IMPORT_PATH =

# Additional import path used to resolve QML modules just for Qt Quick Designer
QML_DESIGNER_IMPORT_PATH =

# Default rules for deployment.
qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/bin
else: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin
!isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target
&

HEADERS += \
    include/delib.h \
    include/delib_error_codes.h

This is my main.cpp file where I try to use them :

#include <QGuiApplication>
#include <QQmlContext>
#include <QQuickView>

#include "include/delib.h"

QQuickView *view;
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QGuiApplication app(argc, argv);


    view = new QQuickView();
    view->setSource(QUrl::fromLocalFile("../DeditecQuickCpp/main.qml"));

    DAPI_OPENMODULEEX_STRUCT deditecStruct;
    strcpy((char*) deditecStruct.address,"192.168.1.100");
    deditecStruct.portno = 1934;
    deditecStruct.timeout = 5000;
    deditecStruct.encryption_type = 0;

    //ULONG deditecHandle = DapiOpenModule()
    ULONG deditecHandle = DapiOpenModuleEx(NET_ETH_LC,0,(unsigned char*)&deditecStruct,0);

    printf("Module handle = %lx\n", deditecHandle);


    view->show();
    return app.exec();
}

I got his error here (line 23):

Here inside my delib.h (Line 423)

I've also see the error ":-1: error: [Makefile:212: DeditecQuickCpp] Error 1" into the issues window.

Here my lines 211/212 from my Makefile :

DeditecQuickCpp:  $(OBJECTS)  
	$(LINK) $(LFLAGS) -o $(TARGET)  $(OBJECTS) $(OBJCOMP) $(LIBS)

The autocomplet found "DapiOpenModuleEx" by the way.

Before compilation I've try to qun qmake but the output result is this :

16:42:54: Running steps for project DeditecQuickCpp...
16:42:54: Starting: "/home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/bin/qmake" /home/ludo/Documents/Dev_C/QT/DeditecQuickCpp/DeditecQuickCpp.pro -spec linux-g++ CONFIG+=debug CONFIG+=qml_debug
16:42:54: The process "/home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/bin/qmake" exited normally.
16:42:54: Starting: "/usr/bin/make" -f /home/ludo/Documents/Dev_C/QT/build-DeditecQuickCpp-Desktop_Qt_6_4_2_GCC_64bit-Debug/Makefile qmake_all
make: Nothing to be done for 'qmake_all'.
16:42:54: The process "/usr/bin/make" exited normally.
16:42:54: Elapsed time: 00:00.

sorry if my question is dumb, but could you have sometimes for helping me please.

I want to thank you in advance for your time.

JonB

@LudoFR
~~Does it help if you write it as ::DapiOpenModuleEx(...)?~~
As @SGaist says below. I didn't notice it was a linker error.

SGaist

Hi,

Aren't you forgetting to link to the library that provided these symbols ?

LudoFR

@JonB said in undefined reference - Help first time external header library QT C++ [Linux]:

@LudoFR
~~Does it help if you write it as ::DapiOpenModuleEx(...)?~~
As @SGaist says below. I didn't notice it was a linker error.

@SGaist said in undefined reference - Help first time external header library QT C++ [Linux]:

Hi,

Aren't you forgetting to link to the library that provided these symbols ?

damn yea right..

I have the added full library folder into my project folder like this :

Now my *.pro file :

QT += quick

SOURCES += \
        main.cpp

resources.files = main.qml 
resources.prefix = /$${TARGET}
RESOURCES += resources

# Additional import path used to resolve QML modules in Qt Creator's code model
QML_IMPORT_PATH =

# Additional import path used to resolve QML modules just for Qt Quick Designer
QML_DESIGNER_IMPORT_PATH =

# Default rules for deployment.
qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/bin
else: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin
!isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target
&

unix:!macx: LIBS += -L$$PWD/delib/lib/build_x64/ -lDelibTcp

INCLUDEPATH += $$PWD/delib
DEPENDPATH += $$PWD/delib

and my compile ouput window :

08:54:36: Running steps for project DeditecQuickCpp...
08:54:36: Configuration unchanged, skipping qmake step.
08:54:36: Starting: "/usr/bin/make" -j20
g++ -c -pipe -g -Wall -Wextra -fPIC -D_REENTRANT -DQT_QML_DEBUG -DQT_QUICK_LIB -DQT_OPENGL_LIB -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_QMLMODELS_LIB -DQT_QML_LIB -DQT_QMLINTEGRATION_LIB -DQT_NETWORK_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I../DeditecQuickCpp -I. -I../DeditecQuickCpp/delib -I../../../../Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/include -I../../../../Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/include/QtQuick -I../../../../Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/include/QtOpenGL -I../../../../Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/include/QtGui -I../../../../Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/include/QtQmlModels -I../../../../Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/include/QtQml -I../../../../Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/include/QtQmlIntegration -I../../../../Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/include/QtNetwork -I../../../../Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/include/QtCore -I. -I../../../../Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/mkspecs/linux-g++ -o main.o ../DeditecQuickCpp/main.cpp
In file included from ../DeditecQuickCpp/main.cpp:5:
../DeditecQuickCpp/delib/library/delib/delib.h:347:53: note: ‘#pragma message: DELIB.H Mode for C++ used’
  347 |         #pragma message ("DELIB.H Mode for C++ used")
      |                                                     ^
g++ -Wl,-rpath,/home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib -Wl,-rpath-link,/home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib -o DeditecQuickCpp  main.o qrc_qmake_resources.o   -L/home/ludo/Documents/Dev_C/QT/DeditecQuickCpp/delib/lib/build_x64/ -lDelibTcp /home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib/libQt6Quick.so /home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib/libQt6OpenGL.so /home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib/libQt6Gui.so /home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib/libQt6QmlModels.so /home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib/libQt6Qml.so -pthread /home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib/libQt6Network.so /home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib/libQt6Core.so -lpthread -lGL   
/usr/bin/ld: main.o: in function `main':
/home/ludo/Documents/Dev_C/QT/build-DeditecQuickCpp-Desktop_Qt_6_4_2_GCC_64bit-Debug/../DeditecQuickCpp/main.cpp:23: undefined reference to `DapiOpenModuleEx'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [Makefile:211: DeditecQuickCpp] Error 1
08:54:37: The process "/usr/bin/make" exited with code 2.
Error while building/deploying project DeditecQuickCpp (kit: Desktop Qt 6.4.2 GCC 64bit)
When executing step "Make"
08:54:37: Elapsed time: 00:01.

JonB

@LudoFR
What files are in /home/ludo/Documents/Dev_C/QT/DeditecQuickCpp/delib/lib/build_x64/? How were the libraries there built, and who built them?

LudoFR

@JonB

Here the script for compiling the *.so library :

#!/bin/bash

flags="-Wall -Werror"
lib_name=./build_x64/libDelibTcp

list_of_source_files="
blowfish.c
deditec_encryption_utils.c
delib_io_tcp_encryption.c
-g"
 
list_of_object_files="
blowfish.o
deditec_encryption_utils.o
delib_io_tcp_encryption.o
-g"
 
echo now compiling $lib_name
gcc -c $flags -fpic $list_of_source_files

if [ $? != "0" ]
   then echo
        echo "error(s) found while compiling"
        exit 100
   else echo
        gcc -shared -o $lib_name.so $list_of_object_files
		rm *.o
		echo "lib created"
fi

Following the documentation

Here the files used for compilation.

Sorry I'm kind of beginner with Linux and C++ globally (too much time on windows and C# sadly for me)

JonB

@LudoFR
These are the files in the lib directory. I asked to see the files in the lib/build_x64 subdirectory.

LudoFR

@JonB No files into this folder, its just the lib compilation ouput folder

JonB

@LudoFR
Umm, if there are no files in that folder then there is no library to link against....!

Did you actually run the script to build the library?

lib_name=./build_x64/libDelibTcp

I am expecting to see that created at least build_x64/libDelibTcp.so.

LudoFR

@JonB

Yes I run the script :

0_make_tcp_encryption_lib_x64.sh

Sorry my fault, there is no files except the libDelibTcp.so

Compilation output from QT look different, (I do not have change anything)

09:47:57: Running steps for project DeditecQuickCpp...
09:47:57: Configuration unchanged, skipping qmake step.
09:47:57: Starting: "/usr/bin/make" -j20
g++ -Wl,-rpath,/home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib -Wl,-rpath-link,/home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib -o DeditecQuickCpp  main.o qrc_qmake_resources.o   -L/home/ludo/Documents/Dev_C/QT/DeditecQuickCpp/delib/lib/build_x64/ -lDelibTcp /home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib/libQt6Quick.so /home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib/libQt6OpenGL.so /home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib/libQt6Gui.so /home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib/libQt6QmlModels.so /home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib/libQt6Qml.so -pthread /home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib/libQt6Network.so /home/ludo/Qt/6.4.2/gcc_64/lib/libQt6Core.so -lpthread -lGL   
/usr/bin/ld: main.o: in function `main':
/home/ludo/Documents/Dev_C/QT/build-DeditecQuickCpp-Desktop_Qt_6_4_2_GCC_64bit-Debug/../DeditecQuickCpp/main.cpp:23: undefined reference to `DapiOpenModuleEx'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [Makefile:211: DeditecQuickCpp] Error 1
09:47:57: The process "/usr/bin/make" exited with code 2.
Error while building/deploying project DeditecQuickCpp (kit: Desktop Qt 6.4.2 GCC 64bit)
When executing step "Make"
09:47:57: Elapsed time: 00:00.

JonB

@LudoFR
Because I am a very nice guy [ ;-) ] I downloaded your "deditec" library stuff for Linux and set up a tiny project to use it. I get the same "undefined" on any Dapi... call as you do.

So then I went ran on lib/build_x64/libDelibTcp.so (I just used the one already compiled there)

nm --dynamic libDelibTcp.so

This shows me all the symbols defined/exported in libDelibTcp.so. And there is nothing even vaguely like Dapi... anything there. Just some Blowfish... and dt_... functions.

So.... I don't know what you are supposed to be using (I'm not going to read the whole Delib documenation). But I can only conclude that including the delib.h stuff which declares Dapi... functions requires something very different from (at least the currently built) libDelibTcp.so content to link against....

The script name indicates to me that it is just for some encryption routines (0_make_tcp_encryption_lib_x64.sh). I think there is quite some other library you are supposed to be linking against for anything Dapi...??

In the delib directory I see all the delib_Dapi_... source files. I suspect that is what needs building? I see your DapiOpenModuleEx implementation is defined in file delib_open_close.cpp.

Maybe go look in the supplied samples directory? There I see e.g. 1_compile_usb_sample.sh. Looking in that I see a gcc command which explicitly compiles and links a whole bunch of the source files, including a couple of delib_Dapi... ones. Does this indicate how you are supposed to do it? So no library for those source files, rather you are supposed to compile them to .o files and link them against your code? Same for the "ethernet" sample, which includes a readme.txt, clarifying that libDelibTcp.so is only to do with encryption....

LudoFR

@JonB Wow, really I want to thank you for your effort, this mean a lot seriously.

To be honest, this is why I think for the start because this lib is totally different from the one I use in C#.

So if I understand good I need to compile all files listed here :

#!/bin/bash

bin_name=ethernet_sample
preprocessor_defines="-D USE_ETH"

list_of_files="
source/ethernet_sample.c

../../delib-sources/delib/library/vc/deditec_timer.c
../../delib-sources/delib/library/vc/deditec_tcp_io.c
../../delib-sources/delib/library/vc/deditec_buff_utils.c
../../delib-sources/delib/library/vc/deditec_string_utils.c
../../delib-sources/delib/library/vc/deditec_convert_functions.c
../../delib-sources/delib/library/embedded/deditec_debug_comfort.c

../../delib-sources/delib/delib_hdlmgr.c
../../delib-sources/delib/delib_packet_statistic.c
../../delib-sources/delib/delib_Dapi_di_do_ad_da_befehle.c
../../delib-sources/delib/delib_set_get_error.c
../../delib-sources/delib/delib_Dapi_register_commands.c
../../delib-sources/delib/delib_open_close.c
../../delib-sources/delib/delib_io_tcp.c
-g"

echo now compiling $bin_name
gcc $preprocessor_defines -o $bin_name $list_of_files

if [ $? != "0" ]
   then echo
        echo "error(s) found while compiling"
        exit 100
   else echo
        echo "compiling successfull"
fi

Into a *.o lib?

JonB

@LudoFR said in undefined reference - Help first time external header library QT C++ [Linux]:

Wow, really I want to thank you for your effort, this mean a lot seriously.

That's good, because I'm expecting a beer ;-)

Into a *.o lib?

No. Compiling each of those files separately will produce a .o file for each of the .c source files. This example does not show any library (.so, or for that matter .a) being generated from them. I presume that is how it is intended to work, author does not want you to create a single library but rather compile them all and link all the .o files.

Assuming this is so, then I believe you will have to add all whatever necessary .c files (may not be all the ones in this example, might be others, I don't know) into your Qt project as source files, in addition to your own source file(s). Then when you build the project all the .o files will be created separately, and all must be included in the link line.

I'm afraid it's over to you to do whatever to get all those source files correctly added into the project in Creator/the .pro file. You will have to be careful the paths are right and their header (.h) files are found correctly.

P.S.
At this point have you considered dropping this third-party Borland stuff completely and using Qt's QTcpSocket to do whatever you want from TCP instead? But I'm not offering to change your own source code over from using Borland TCP to Qt's ;-)

LudoFR

@JonB

Well not against offering you a beer, or two...(or more :-))

@JonB said in undefined reference - Help first time external header library QT C++ [Linux]:

At this point have you considered dropping this third-party Borland stuff completely and using Qt's QTcpSocket to do whatever you want from TCP instead? But I'm not offering to change your own source code over from using Borland TCP to Qt's ;-)

This APi is used for GPIO manipulation from an ethernet GPIO modules :

What you say seems really true, cause the documentation about the use with Visual studio c++ do not refer at any moment about any library, only cpp/h files. I will try to use this documentation and use into my *.pro file only the files used into Visual Studio.

https://www.deditec.de/media/pdf/manual_e_delib.pdf#page=26&zoom=auto,-329,815

I will made you a feedback of course