Calling c++ function from qml

rockstar

i am trying to call a function from qml but i am getting following error in qml file:

result of expression cppClass.getmouseposition() [undefined] is not a function

in c++ file i written following code:

class A{ getmouseposition(){} };

A sample;
view.rootContext->setContextProperty("cppClass",&sample);

please help me

lgeyer

Your method has to be either a slot or marked as Q_INVOKABLE. See the "documentation":http://developer.qt.nokia.com/doc/qt-4.8/qml-extending.html#methods.

rockstar

ya i declared it as

Q_INVOKABLE QString getmouseposition()

but i still get error

lgeyer

Of course you do, because your class does neither inherit from QObject, nor does it contain the Q_OBJECT macro. See the "documentation":http://developer.qt.nokia.com/doc/qt-4.8/metaobjects.html.

rockstar

ok...now that error has gone ...now new error is

undefined reference to vtable for A

A is my class name...

please help me....sorry if i am troubling u with my questions.......

JohanSolo

Try to clean your environment and build your project again.

rockstar

Johan....I cleaned it but i am still getting that error.....

lgeyer

Re-run qmake and clean / rebuild your project.

If you have defined the class within a <code>.cpp</code> file, you will have to <code>#include "filename.moc"</code> as well.

If you still experience problems just paste your code here (or on pastebin), so we can take a look at it.

rockstar

this is main.cpp file*

@#include <QtGui/QApplication>
#include "qmlapplicationviewer.h"
#include <QDeclarativeView>
#include <QDeclarativeComponent>
#include <QDeclarativeEngine>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QDeclarativeContext>
class Sample:public QObject
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
int32_t x;
int32_t y;
Q_INVOKABLE QString getmouseposition() const
{
QDeclarativeEngine *engine=new QDeclarativeEngine;
QDeclarativeComponent component(engine,QUrl::fromLocalFile(("qml/justforTest/main.qml")));
QObject *rect=component.create();
QObject *mousearea=rect->findChild<QObject *>("mouse");
//qDebug()<<"position:"<<mousearea->property("mouseX").toInt()<<","<<mousearea->property("mouseY").toInt();
return mousearea->property(("mouseX")).toString();
}
};

Q_DECL_EXPORT int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QScopedPointer<QApplication> app(createApplication(argc, argv));
QScopedPointer<QmlApplicationViewer> viewer(QmlApplicationViewer::create());

viewer->setOrientation(QmlApplicationViewer::ScreenOrientationAuto);
viewer->setMainQmlFile&#40;QLatin1String("qml/justforTest/main.qml"&#41;);
viewer->showExpanded();

QDeclarativeView view;
Sample sample;
QDeclarativeContext *qdc=view.rootContext();
qdc->setContextProperty("cppClass",&sample);
view.setSource(QUrl::fromLocalFile&#40;"qml/justforTest/main.qml"&#41;);
view.show();
return app->exec&#40;&#41;;

}
@

this is main.qml file
@import QtQuick 1.0
Rectangle
{
width: 360
height: 360
Text {
id: txt
anchors.centerIn: parent
}
MouseArea
{
id:mouse
anchors.fill: parent
onClicked: console.log(cppClass.getmouseposition())

}@

lgeyer

[quote author="Lukas Geyer" date="1327397248"]
If you have defined the class within a <code>.cpp</code> file, you will have to <code>#include "filename.moc"</code> as well.
[/quote]
... <code>filename.moc</code> is <code>main.moc</code> in your case.

rockstar

so i need to include main.moc in main.cpp file?

lgeyer

Yes, you will have to <code>#include "main.moc"</code> as well.

rockstar

Lukas, when i include it, it is saying that

main.moc:no such file or directory

lgeyer

What kind of toolset are you using? qmake should add a call to <code>moc</code> automatically. You might take a look at your compile output if <code>moc</code> is acutally called.

If it is just Qt Creator which complains about the file missing this is absolutely correct. The file is generated at the time you compile your application and thus cannot be found earlier. Just compile your application.

If you are using Visual Studio you might need to add this step manually (a how to can be found in the forums).

rockstar

Lukas, can u provide me a small example of how to call c++ functions from qml...this is what i am trying from morning and i am still unsuccessfull........and u asked me about toolset.....actually i am new to qml and qt....so i don't what it is exactly.....

lgeyer

Are you using Qt Creator? If so, if it is just Qt Creator, which complains about the file missing, just build and run your application. The file you are trying to include is generated on-the-fly when the application is built, and it is absolutely normal that it isn't available at development time.

!http://img208.imageshack.us/img208/766/filenotfounderror.png! This means you are fine.

Usually classes in general and classes subclassing QObject in particular are defined in <code>.h</code> files and implemented in <code>.cpp</code>. This way you do not need to mess around with including any generated files.

rockstar

Lukas, i did as u told me....i included "main.moc"......i cleaned environment......i rebuilt the project and it is still prompting the same error on "build issues" panel ........

lgeyer

Well, you then either

do it the way it is supposed to be done or
[quote author="Lukas Geyer" date="1327401808"]Usually classes in general and classes subclassing QObject in particular are defined in <code>.h</code> files and implemented in <code>.cpp</code>. This way you do not need to mess around with including any generated files.[/quote]
you pack and upload your current application and link it here, so I can take a look on it.

rockstar

http://www.mediafire.com/?b9a9r9t6qq9aoao

i uploaded the project.....have a look at it.....thanks in advance......

lgeyer

<code>main.moc</code> is generated as expected and the project compiles fine using MinGW and MSVC2010. Be aware that you have to <code>#include "main.moc"</code> at the end of the source file (or at least after the class definition).

I don't know what's the problem on your end.

Is there any reason you are not just doing it as it is supposed to be done?

[quote author="Lukas Geyer" date="1327401808"]Usually classes in general and classes subclassing QObject in particular are defined in <code>.h</code> files and implemented in <code>.cpp</code>. This way you do not need to mess around with including any generated files.[/quote]

rockstar

i am using qt creator......

actually till yesterday i was doing programs only using qml.....this is my first project using both cpp and qml ......

i thought it was easy but it's not.......

lgeyer

It actually is easy.

Please don't get me wrong - but I have told you for the third time now how it is supposed to be done and how to circumvent the need of including generated files and I still sense that you do not even properly read what I write.
@
// testclass.h

class TestClass : public QObject
{
Q_OBJECT

public:
TestClass(QObject *parent = 0);

Q_INVOKABLE QString returnString();

};

// testclass.cpp

TestClass::TestClass(QObject *parent) : QObject(parent)
{
}

QString TestClass::returnString()
{
return "string";
}

// main.cpp

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication application(argc, argv);

QDeclarativeView view;

view.rootContext()->setContextProperty("TestClass", new TestClass(&view));
view.setSource(QUrl::fromLocalFile&#40;"Test.qml"&#41;);
view.show();

return application.exec&#40;&#41;;

}

// Test.qml

import QtQuick 1.1

Text {
text: TestClass.returnString()
}
@

rockstar

thanks a ton Lukas.....it worked....

mathiii

Hey guys,

I´m having exactly the same problem, but I think some of the Classes and Libraries have changed. The way Lukas explained this makes a lot of sense to me, but the code doesn´t work for me. I´m using Qt 5.3 with QtQuick 2.2 .
I would be very thankful if someone could look at my code, as I´m desperate at the moment.My goal is to write a String into an xml-file.
the c++function should be called from qml.

Thanks in advance

@
//header.h
class TestClass : public QObject
{
Q_OBJECT

public:
TestClass(QObject *parent = 0);

Q_INVOKABLE void writeXml(QString &text){ }

};@

@//func.cpp

TestClass::TestClass(QObject *parent) : QObject(parent)
{
}

void TestClass::writeXml(QString text)
{

        QString filename = "C:/Qt5/Tools/QtCreator/bin/CPPTEST2/example.xml";
        QFile file&#40;filename&#41;;
        if (file.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite)) {
            QTextStream stream(&file);
            stream << text << endl;
             }
        file.close();

}@

@
//main.cpp
{
QGuiApplication app(argc, argv);

QQmlApplicationEngine engine;
engine.load(QUrl(QStringLiteral("qrc:///main.qml")));
QQuickView *view = new QQuickView;
view->setSource(QUrl::fromLocalFile&#40;"qrc:///main.qml"&#41;);
view->show();

return app.exec();

}
@
@ //main.qml
import QtQuick 2.2
import QtQuick.Window 2.1

Window {
visible: true
width: 360
height: 360

MouseArea {
    anchors.fill: parent
    onClicked: {
        TestClass.writeXml("Hello World");
    }
}

}@

messi

Hi mathiii
this is not how it works.
You have to create a C++ object first.
Than make the object for QML visible.
Now you can access the object.

Check out the following link.
It describes every C++/QML interaction:
http://qt-project.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Qt_Quick_for_Cpp_developers#e70ea8482b12de725ec779f1bc55c92c

Best regards