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Hand code GUI completely

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  • G Offline
    G Offline
    giesbert
    wrote on last edited by
    #5

    [quote author="Volker" date="1327361774"]A good way to learn is to use Qt Designer, have the .ui file processed by uic to the ui_xxx.h file and look at the generated code.[/quote]

    I disagree here, but perhaps that's my personal view. Uic puts many things in, that are not really needed.

    From my POV, it's easier to use the tutorials or a book, as they describe how to do it and make small, minimal examples with only the really needed stuff.

    Nokia Certified Qt Specialist.
    Programming Is Like Sex: One mistake and you have to support it for the rest of your life. (Michael Sinz)

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    • G Offline
      G Offline
      GroundZero
      wrote on last edited by
      #6

      Thank you for your answers guys, and Gerolf, that is one of the main reasons I want to learn to hand-code it. Only thing is that I am not english and (I think) not fully understand stuff completely.

      I have the book "C++ GUI Programming with Qt 4 (2nd Edition) - The official C++/Qt book" and yes, they explain you how to GUI code a little bit but not in depth.

      They explain a littlebit about QHBoxLayout, QVBoxLayout and that's pritty much it. They explain more about using QDesigner. Then they show you GridBoxLayout and various other things.

      Also, all examples they show are made with QDesigner, and look totally different then when I would write them my self hand-coded. This part confuses me a bit because it all looks so totally different with lots and lots of extra code which I dont need.

      The thing is, I would love to learn how to do this (picture sample):
      !http://img651.imageshack.us/img651/7886/13106021.jpg(sample picture)!

      But when I do something like (a dumb example):

      1. Create a container by using:
        QHBoxLayout = container.

      2. Add two QVBoxLayouts to the container by using:
        QVBoxLayout = leftSide, rightSide.

      First of all, the leftSide and rightSide box wont sit next to each other.
      Besides that, when I add widgets to them they all look 'hussled through each other' lol.
      They dont really align really nice (beautifull).

      Best regards

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      • B Offline
        B Offline
        broadpeak
        wrote on last edited by
        #7

        The layout system in Qt is a very very tricky issue!
        I have never used any designer to my codes :)
        What is very important:
        Put all of your widget from top to bottom, and lay these out from bottom to top!

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        • T Offline
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          tobias.hunger
          wrote on last edited by
          #8

          What is wrong about using a designer here? A UI is a very visual thing and directly seeing what I am doing does help me a lot!

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          • G Offline
            G Offline
            giesbert
            wrote on last edited by
            #9

            I would do (schematic):

            @
            QVBoxLayout
            QHBoxLayout
            QGroupBox (personal info)
            QGridLayout
            QLabel - QLineEdit
            QLabel - QLineEdit
            QLabel - QLineEdit
            QLabel - QLineEdit
            QVBoxlayout
            QLabel (a - amount)
            QSlider
            vertical spacer
            QLabel (b - amount)
            QSlider
            vertical spacer
            QLabel (c - amount)
            QSlider
            QGridLayout
            QLabel - QLabel - Spacer
            QLabel - QLabel - Spacer
            QLabel - QLabel - Spacer
            vertical spacer
            QHBoxLayout
            QPushButton
            horizontal spacer
            @

            Nokia Certified Qt Specialist.
            Programming Is Like Sex: One mistake and you have to support it for the rest of your life. (Michael Sinz)

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            • G Offline
              G Offline
              giesbert
              wrote on last edited by
              #10

              [quote author="Tobias Hunger" date="1327417984"]What is wrong about using a designer here? A UI is a very visual thing and directly seeing what I am doing does help me a lot![/quote]

              Yes and no :-)
              I also code all my UIs by hand. This gives me some more options, especially, if you want to use also custom widgets etc.

              Nokia Certified Qt Specialist.
              Programming Is Like Sex: One mistake and you have to support it for the rest of your life. (Michael Sinz)

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              • T Offline
                T Offline
                tobias.hunger
                wrote on last edited by
                #11

                Gerolf: There are cases where hand-coding makes sense, I agree about that, but in general you are faster and get better results using the designer.

                This thread is about "how to complete design a GUI by hand". I do challenge that "personal choice" is a valid reason for any professional to hand-craft UIs.

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                • G Offline
                  G Offline
                  GroundZero
                  wrote on last edited by
                  #12

                  Thanks for your answer guys, this wil surely help me out a lot.

                  @Gerolf : I will give your suggestion a try to see what I can come up with. Only thing is that I cannot find out how to use spacers and groupboxes. Then again, maybe I am using them in the wrong way lol. I am fairly new to Qt so I am still in the learning process.

                  I will play around with it a bit and reply here with what I came up with :)

                  Thank you all very much so far guys <3

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                  • B Offline
                    B Offline
                    briggie
                    wrote on last edited by
                    #13

                    bq. Only thing is that I cannot find out how to use spacers and groupboxes.

                    Spacers are added by going to the target layout and adding:

                    @TargetLayoutName->addstretch()@

                    Where you put it in relation to other widgets matters of course. As for the groupbox, I have not learned that yet.

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                    • G Offline
                      G Offline
                      giesbert
                      wrote on last edited by
                      #14

                      [quote author="GroundZero" date="1327445280"]
                      Thanks for your answer guys, this will surely help me out a lot.

                      Gerolf : I will give your suggestion a try to see what I can come up with. Only thing is that I cannot find out how to use spacers and groupboxes. Then again, maybe I am using them in the wrong way. I am fairly new to Qt so I am still in the learning process.

                      I will play around with it a bit and reply here with what I came up with :)
                      [/quote]

                      @
                      layout->addItem(new QSpacer(...));
                      QGroupBox* pGrp = new QGroupBox(this);
                      QGridLayout* pGrpGrid = new QGridLayout(pGrp);

                      QLabel* pName = new QLabel(pGrp);
                      pGrpGrid->addWidget(0,0,pName);
                      // ...
                      

                      @

                      Nokia Certified Qt Specialist.
                      Programming Is Like Sex: One mistake and you have to support it for the rest of your life. (Michael Sinz)

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                      • G Offline
                        G Offline
                        giesbert
                        wrote on last edited by
                        #15

                        [quote author="Tobias Hunger" date="1327420165"]Gerolf: There are cases where hand-coding makes sense, I agree about that, but in general you are faster and get better results using the designer.

                        This thread is about "how to complete design a GUI by hand". I do challenge that "personal choice" is a valid reason for any professional to hand-craft UIs.[/quote]

                        I would say, it's ok, if you know what you do (and as a professional, you should know :-) ).
                        Why should using a UI tool be better? It might be easier for some things and for some it may not.

                        In MFC, it was not possible to code UI's by hand, as you had no layouters, only coordinates, but with layout classes, it's fairly easy to code the UI by hand.

                        Nokia Certified Qt Specialist.
                        Programming Is Like Sex: One mistake and you have to support it for the rest of your life. (Michael Sinz)

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                        • G Offline
                          G Offline
                          goetz
                          wrote on last edited by
                          #16

                          Looking at my forms, with tons of widgets, I would drive nuts if I had to hand code them all in C++ :)

                          http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html

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                          • G Offline
                            G Offline
                            GroundZero
                            wrote on last edited by
                            #17

                            As said, I am still learning Qt so please go easy on me as I might make dumb mistakes, so my apologies for that if I do so.

                            I wrote this (start) code:
                            @#include <QApplication>
                            #include <QWidget>
                            #include <QGroupBox>
                            #include <QGridLayout>
                            #include <QHBoxLayout>
                            #include <QVBoxLayout>
                            #include <QLabel>
                            #include <QLineEdit>
                            #include <QSlider>
                            #include <QSpinBox>
                            #include <QSpacerItem>
                            #include <QPushButton>

                            int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                            {
                            QApplication app(argc, argv);

                            // create a main widget
                            QWidget *mainAppWindow = new QWidget;
                            mainAppWindow->setWindowTitle("Custom made GUI - Test 0.1");
                            mainAppWindow->setFixedSize(500, 600);
                            
                            // create the widgets
                            QLabel *nameLabel = new QLabel;
                            nameLabel->setText("name");
                            
                            QLineEdit *nameText = new QLineEdit;
                            
                            QSlider *aAmount = new QSlider;
                            
                            aAmount->setRange(0, 100);
                            
                            aAmount->setValue(25);
                            
                            QGroupBox *personalInfoBox = new QGroupBox;
                            personalInfoBox->setTitle("Personal Info");
                            
                            // create the layout for the personalInfoBox
                            QHBoxLayout *pibLayout = new QHBoxLayout;
                            pibLayout->addWidget(nameLabel);
                            pibLayout->addWidget(nameText);
                            pibLayout->addWidget(surnameLabel);
                            pibLayout->addWidget(surnameText);
                            pibLayout->addWidget(ageLabel);
                            pibLayout->addWidget(ageText);
                            pibLayout->addWidget(genderLabel);
                            pibLayout->addWidget(genderText);
                            
                            // create the topleft box and add the group to it
                            QHBoxLayout *topLeftLayout = new QHBoxLayout;
                            topLeftLayout->addLayout(personalInfoBox);
                            
                            // add the layout to the main window
                            mainAppWindow->setLayout(pibLayout);
                            
                            // display the window
                            mainAppWindow->show();
                            
                            return app.exec&#40;&#41;;
                            

                            }@

                            It gives me the following error:
                            no matching function for call to 'QHBoxLayout::addLayout(QGroupBox*&)'

                            I tried looking into the documentation but I cant see what I did wrong. I tried declaring it in two ways:

                            @QGroupBox *personalInfoBox = new QGroupBox;
                            personalInfoBox->setTitle("Personal Info");@

                            and

                            @QGroupBox *personalInfoBox = new QGroupBox("Personal Info");@

                            but both give me the same error. When I use:
                            @QGroupBox *personalInfoBox = new QGroupBox(tr("Personal Info"));@
                            it says that tr cannot be found, but for now dont mind the translate thingy ;)

                            P.S. I shorten the code a bit otherwise the list would be long, but I did declerate all the QLabels and QSliders and other stuff in my code. I have shown you one of each to see how I declerate them, but I remove the others to keep this 'post' a bit smaller ;)

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                            • G Offline
                              G Offline
                              giesbert
                              wrote on last edited by
                              #18

                              [quote author="Volker" date="1327494502"]Looking at my forms, with tons of widgets, I would drive nuts if I had to hand code them all in C++ :)[/quote]

                              Spit it up to sub forms? :-)
                              I know there are cases, where it really makes sense, but I try to avoid forms with hundreds of widgets.

                              Nokia Certified Qt Specialist.
                              Programming Is Like Sex: One mistake and you have to support it for the rest of your life. (Michael Sinz)

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                              • G Offline
                                G Offline
                                GroundZero
                                wrote on last edited by
                                #19

                                [quote author="Gerolf" date="1327498560"]
                                [quote author="Volker" date="1327494502"]Looking at my forms, with tons of widgets, I would drive nuts if I had to hand code them all in C++ :)[/quote]

                                Spit it up to sub forms? :-)
                                I know there are cases, where it really makes sense, but I try to avoid forms with hundreds of widgets.[/quote]

                                True, but you can Copy & Paste a lot to though ;)
                                And I also use the clicking on the numbers on the left side to "fold" code. This way my screen stays pritty clean, and when I need something I can just "unfold" it, edit it or look at it, and fold it back up lol :)

                                Anyways, I posted my code and question on page 2 (top). I am doing something wrong with the Group option :(

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                                • G Offline
                                  G Offline
                                  giesbert
                                  wrote on last edited by
                                  #20

                                  Hi,

                                  I could boiler plate you, and give you a working version :-)
                                  But it would be complete.

                                  First your bugs:

                                  a group box is a widget --> addWidget not addlayout

                                  pibLayout is the layout of the group box, add it there, not on the main window

                                  Full source for the sollution, only read it if you don't want to learn by building it on your own :-)

                                  @
                                  #include <QApplication>
                                  #include <QWidget>
                                  #include <QGroupBox>
                                  #include <QGridLayout>
                                  #include <QHBoxLayout>
                                  #include <QVBoxLayout>
                                  #include <QLabel>
                                  #include <QLineEdit>
                                  #include <QSlider>
                                  #include <QSpinBox>
                                  #include <QSpacerItem>
                                  #include <QPushButton>

                                  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                                  {
                                  QApplication app(argc, argv);

                                  // create a main widget
                                  QWidget *mainAppWindow = new QWidget;
                                  mainAppWindow->setWindowTitle("Custom made GUI - Test 0.1");
                                  mainAppWindow->setFixedSize(500, 600);
                                  
                                  // main vertical layout
                                  QVBoxLayout* pMainLayout = new QVBoxLayout(mainAppWindow);
                                  mainAppWindow->setLayout(pMainLayout);
                                  
                                  // ------------------------------------------------------
                                  // first sub layouts
                                  QHBoxLayout* pTopHBox  = new QHBoxLayout;
                                  pMainLayout->addLayout(pTopHBox);
                                  
                                  QGridLayout* pLabelGrid  = new QGridLayout;
                                  pMainLayout->addLayout(pLabelGrid);
                                  
                                  pMainLayout->addItem(new QSpacerItem(0,0,QSizePolicy::Minimum, QSizePolicy::Expanding));
                                  
                                  QHBoxLayout* pBtnHBox  = new QHBoxLayout;
                                  pMainLayout->addLayout(pBtnHBox);
                                  
                                  // ------------------------------------------------------
                                  // create the group box
                                  QGroupBox *personalInfoBox = new QGroupBox(mainAppWindow);
                                  personalInfoBox->setTitle("Personal Info");
                                  
                                  QLabel *nameLabel = new QLabel(QObject::tr("name"), personalInfoBox);
                                  QLineEdit *nameText = new QLineEdit(personalInfoBox);
                                  QLabel *surnameLabel = new QLabel(QObject::tr("surname"), personalInfoBox);
                                  QLineEdit *surnameText = new QLineEdit(personalInfoBox);
                                  QLabel *ageLabel = new QLabel(QObject::tr("age"), personalInfoBox);
                                  QLineEdit *ageText = new QLineEdit(personalInfoBox);
                                  QLabel *genderLabel = new QLabel(QObject::tr("gender"), personalInfoBox);
                                  QLineEdit *genderText = new QLineEdit(personalInfoBox);
                                  
                                  // create the layout for the personalInfoBox
                                  QGridLayout *pibLayout = new QGridLayout;
                                  pibLayout->addWidget(nameLabel, 0, 0);
                                  pibLayout->addWidget(nameText, 0, 1);
                                  pibLayout->addWidget(surnameLabel, 1, 0);
                                  pibLayout->addWidget(surnameText, 1, 1);
                                  pibLayout->addWidget(ageLabel, 2, 0);
                                  pibLayout->addWidget(ageText, 2, 1);
                                  pibLayout->addWidget(genderLabel, 3, 0);
                                  pibLayout->addWidget(genderText, 3, 1);
                                  personalInfoBox->setLayout(pibLayout);
                                  pTopHBox->addWidget(personalInfoBox);
                                  
                                  // ------------------------------------------------------
                                  // create the slider area
                                  QVBoxLayout* pSlidersLayout = new QVBoxLayout;
                                  pTopHBox->addLayout(pSlidersLayout);
                                  QSlider *aAmount = new QSlider(Qt::Horizontal, mainAppWindow);
                                  aAmount->setRange(0, 100);
                                  aAmount->setValue(25);
                                  QSlider *bAmount = new QSlider(Qt::Horizontal, mainAppWindow);
                                  bAmount->setRange(0, 100);
                                  bAmount->setValue(25);
                                  QSlider *cAmount = new QSlider(Qt::Horizontal, mainAppWindow);
                                  cAmount->setRange(0, 100);
                                  cAmount->setValue(25);
                                  
                                  pSlidersLayout->addWidget(new QLabel(QObject::tr("a - amount"), mainAppWindow));
                                  pSlidersLayout->addWidget(aAmount);
                                  pSlidersLayout->addWidget(new QLabel(QObject::tr("b - amount"), mainAppWindow));
                                  pSlidersLayout->addWidget(bAmount);
                                  pSlidersLayout->addWidget(new QLabel(QObject::tr("c - amount"), mainAppWindow));
                                  pSlidersLayout->addWidget(cAmount);
                                  
                                  // ------------------------------------------------------
                                  // create the info area
                                  pLabelGrid->addWidget(new QLabel(QObject::tr("a - statistic display"), mainAppWindow), 0, 0);
                                  pLabelGrid->addWidget(new QLabel(QObject::tr("a - runtime statistic display"), mainAppWindow), 0, 1);
                                  pLabelGrid->addItem(new QSpacerItem(0,0, QSizePolicy::Expanding,QSizePolicy::Minimum), 0, 2);
                                  pLabelGrid->addWidget(new QLabel(QObject::tr("b - statistic display"), mainAppWindow), 1, 0);
                                  pLabelGrid->addWidget(new QLabel(QObject::tr("b - runtime statistic display"), mainAppWindow), 1, 1);
                                  pLabelGrid->addWidget(new QLabel(QObject::tr("c - statistic display"), mainAppWindow), 2, 0);
                                  pLabelGrid->addWidget(new QLabel(QObject::tr("c - runtime statistic display"), mainAppWindow), 2, 1);
                                  
                                  // ------------------------------------------------------
                                  // create the button area
                                  QPushButton* pBtn = new QPushButton(QObject::tr("Push me"), mainAppWindow);
                                  pBtnHBox->addWidget(pBtn);
                                  pBtnHBox->addItem(new QSpacerItem(0,0, QSizePolicy::Expanding,QSizePolicy::Minimum));
                                  
                                  // display the window
                                  mainAppWindow->show();
                                  
                                  return app.exec();
                                  

                                  }
                                  @

                                  Nokia Certified Qt Specialist.
                                  Programming Is Like Sex: One mistake and you have to support it for the rest of your life. (Michael Sinz)

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                                  • G Offline
                                    G Offline
                                    GroundZero
                                    wrote on last edited by
                                    #21

                                    Gerolf, thank you very much. I will try to fix my code first before copy pasting yours lol, need to learn it anyways haha. Thank you so much once again ;)

                                    P.S. I see you do a LOT of stuff totally different i.e.
                                    @pLabelGrid->addWidget(new QLabel(QObject::tr("c - runtime statistic display"), mainAppWindow), 2, 1);@
                                    @pibLayout->addWidget(nameText, 0, 1);@

                                    you use tr (translate?) and a 2nd attribute. After that you give the QLabel object a 2nd and 3rd attribute (2 and 1).
                                    Never seen that / done that but... ill try to fix my code and try to find out what this all means :)

                                    Also in the 2nd example the INT for a row and so on, thats pritty cool! this will surely help me out a LOT!

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                                    • G Offline
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                                      goetz
                                      wrote on last edited by
                                      #22

                                      [quote author="Gerolf" date="1327498560"]
                                      Spit it up to sub forms? :-)
                                      I know there are cases, where it really makes sense, but I try to avoid forms with hundreds of widgets.[/quote]

                                      It's already subforms :-)
                                      Collecting data isn't always doable with two line edits and a combo box ;-)

                                      http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html

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                                      • G Offline
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                                        giesbert
                                        wrote on last edited by
                                        #23

                                        [quote author="GroundZero" date="1327501166"]P.S. I see you do a LOT of stuff totally different i.e.
                                        @pLabelGrid->addWidget(new QLabel(QObject::tr("c - runtime statistic display"), mainAppWindow), 2, 1);@
                                        @pibLayout->addWidget(nameText, 0, 1);@

                                        you use tr (translate?) and a 2nd attribute. After that you give the QLabel object a 2nd and 3rd attribute (2 and 1).
                                        Never seen that / done that but... ill try to fix my code and try to find out what this all means :)

                                        Also in the 2nd example the INT for a row and so on, thats pritty cool! this will surely help me out a LOT![/quote]

                                        All widgets have parameters in the constructor, one is the parent, which I ALWAYS set. It also works without, then the layout sets them.

                                        the integers in the addWidget is for the grid layout.

                                        Nokia Certified Qt Specialist.
                                        Programming Is Like Sex: One mistake and you have to support it for the rest of your life. (Michael Sinz)

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                                        • G Offline
                                          G Offline
                                          GroundZero
                                          wrote on last edited by
                                          #24

                                          yeah awesome, I never knew this does help me out a lot :)
                                          trying to code it now my self, hope I can figure this stuff out lol pritty hard to understand all the boxes and stuff.

                                          Webdevelopment is so much easier lol lol :-)

                                          EDIT:
                                          Figured I would but... I made a much simpler layout. Problem is that it is displayed right under each other instead of next
                                          to each other. How can I fix this? my code:

                                          @int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                                          {
                                          QApplication app(argc, argv);

                                          // -------------------------------------------------------
                                          // create the main widget
                                          QWidget *mainApplication = new QWidget;
                                          mainApplication->setWindowTitle("Hand coded GUI");
                                          mainApplication->setFixedSize(500, 600);
                                          
                                          // -------------------------------------------------------
                                          // main box
                                          QVBoxLayout *mainLayout = new QVBoxLayout;
                                          mainApplication->setLayout(mainLayout);
                                          
                                          // -------------------------------------------------------
                                          // sub boxes
                                          QHBoxLayout *pLeftSide = new QHBoxLayout;
                                          QVBoxLayout *pRightSide = new QVBoxLayout;
                                          
                                          mainLayout->addLayout(pLeftSide);
                                          mainLayout->addLayout(pRightSide);
                                          
                                          // -------------------------------------------------------
                                          // create the group box
                                          QGroupBox *userinfoGroupBox = new QGroupBox;
                                          userinfoGroupBox->setTitle("Personal Info");
                                          
                                          // -------------------------------------------------------
                                          // create the content of the group box
                                          QLabel *nameLabel = new QLabel(QObject::tr("name"));
                                          QLineEdit *nameEdit = new QLineEdit;
                                          QLabel *surnameLabel = new QLabel(QObject::tr("surname"));
                                          QLineEdit *surnameEdit = new QLineEdit;
                                          
                                          // -------------------------------------------------------
                                          // create the layout for the userinfoGroupBox
                                          QGridLayout *gridView = new QGridLayout;
                                          gridView->addWidget(nameLabel, 0, 0);
                                          gridView->addWidget(nameEdit, 0, 1);
                                          gridView->addWidget(surnameLabel, 1, 0);
                                          gridView->addWidget(surnameEdit, 1, 1);
                                          
                                          // -------------------------------------------------------
                                          // add the layout to the group box
                                          userinfoGroupBox->setLayout(gridView);
                                          
                                          // -------------------------------------------------------
                                          // add the groupbox to the leftside box
                                          pLeftSide->addWidget(userinfoGroupBox);
                                          
                                          // -------------------------------------------------------
                                          // create some sliders
                                          QLabel *aSliderLabel = new QLabel(QObject::tr("a value"));
                                          QSlider *aSlider = new QSlider(Qt::Horizontal);
                                          aSlider->setRange(0, 100);
                                          aSlider->setValue(88);
                                          QLabel *bSliderLabel = new QLabel(QObject::tr("b value"));
                                          QSlider *bSlider = new QSlider(Qt::Horizontal);
                                          bSlider->setRange(0, 300);
                                          bSlider->setValue(142);
                                          
                                          // -------------------------------------------------------
                                          // add the widgets to the right window
                                          pRightSide->addWidget(aSliderLabel);
                                          pRightSide->addWidget(aSlider);
                                          pRightSide->addWidget(bSliderLabel);
                                          pRightSide->addWidget(bSlider);
                                          
                                          // display the window
                                          mainApplication->show();
                                          
                                          return app.exec&#40;&#41;;
                                          

                                          }@

                                          So what I want is:

                                          1. mainLayout = my main wrapper / container / box, or what ever you want to call it.
                                          2. pLeftSide and pRightSide are two boxes which should be displayed NEXT to each other.
                                          3. pLeftSide should display stuff by pairs of two next to each other (this is working)
                                          4. pRightSize should display stuff under each other (this is working)

                                          Also, my sliders get stretched out... so they are extremely width :-(

                                          EDIT:
                                          I have another question if I may so...

                                          I was reading the book. I made a GUI by using Qt Designer. Works flawless BUT... the book tells me the following:
                                          bq. Now run qmake to create a .pro file and a makefile (qmake -project;qmake gotocell.pro). The qmake tool is smart enough to detect the user interface file gotocell-dialog.ui and to generate the appropriate makefule rules to invoke uic, Qt's user interface compiler.

                                          Now... I have no clue what they mean with qmake this and qmake that lol. I want to see the source, how the GUI I made was build up in plain C++ and not a (no offence) stupid XML file look a like markup lol.

                                          Could someone walk me through the process of turning this XML look-a-like thingy to a C++ type.

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